The Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) is an international certification standard that promotes sustainable palm oil production. To obtain and maintain certification, palm oil producers must comply with environmental and social standards, including prohibitions on deforestation, peatland conversion, and land clearing by burning, while implementing measures to reduce environmental impacts of palm oil.

Under the traditional assessment model, students are assessed solely through in-person, time-constrained assessments, (e.g. written exams, oral exams, recitation, in-class quizzes, etc). This excludes all take-home, coursework-based, or unsupervised forms of assessment.