Fundamental-focused learning” is a learning style which focuses more on the building of foundational skills, such as critical thinking and communication 

Comparatively, “subject-focused learning” focuses on building understanding on certain subjects (i.e. science, humanities, etc.)

For the purpose of this debate, “oppressed” communities refers to communities which were unfairly disadvantaged in comparison to another community, usually by virtue the discrimination of a deeply personal characteristic (race, religion, gender, etc.)